The United States was one of the earliest countries to establish a modern fire-fighting system. After a long period of practice, the fire protection system in the United States is becoming more and more perfect. It can control the fire effectively and eliminate the fire situation under the condition of ensuring the personal safety of the firemen.
Firemen are also socially high-ranking professions, with almost all of them at the top of the list of the most popular occupations, according to Gallup, CNN and News and World report magazine polls. In the United States, how does the fire-fighting system work and how do firemen work?
In the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, about 200 fire brigades rushed into the building to begin rescue after two buildings in the World Trade Center were hit by planes, but the building suddenly collapsed, killing 343 firefighters. The ex post factory review found that the fire station was not equipped with helicopters, failed to understand the disaster from the air in a timely manner, coupled with the disappearance of firefighters and commander, failed to evacuate in a timely manner. As a result, New York City has fully updated the 911 alarm system and fire department internal communications system, and equipped the fire department with special helicopters.
"after 9 / 11, the United States recognized the importance of firemen in their counter-terrorism efforts and the horrendous nature of terrorist attacks. In 2004, the United States Government organized a technical support group, (TSWG), to launch joint research projects with universities. Further improve the protection of firemen' helmets, clothes, headscarves, boots and gloves so that firemen' equipment can be more suitable for terrorist attacks. Two firemen in New York City were trapped in an apartment on the fourth floor in 2005. Jump down and die on the spot. After that, the New York City Fire Department stipulated that firemen must carry up to nine meters of first aid rope to help escape from the window. "
In the event of disaster, firemen' rescue plan is to analyze and assess the disaster before implementing action. For example, the first step after a fire is to use detection tools to find the source of the fire, to assess whether there are special fires (such as flash fire, reverse return of air, smoke explosion), and to analyze possible secondary disasters (whether there are chemicals). Harmful substances, etc., possible deaths, as well as finding escape routes. After all this information was obtained, the firemen entered the fire area to put out the fire. The way to put out the fire will also be based on the previous information to determine whether to use water, air blocking method, or isolated combustion method. During the forest fire in California in 2007, the U.S. Fire Department worked with meteorologists, environmental scientists and other scientists to develop reasonable fire fighting methods based on the local climate and topography. Under the guidance of such scientific warfare, the proportion of casualties among American firemen is 800%.
But in the face of natural disasters, no matter how well prepared, 19 trained professional firemen encountered a sudden change in wind direction as they built the fire isolation zone in 2013. Even though professional self-rescue measures were taken immediately, the fire still engulfed life.
Every fireman's life is precious, and in the face of rapidly changing disasters, it is hoped that they can return safely through "more scientific fire fighting, more intelligent dispatching and command."
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